add router table and how to use command ip
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| ## router table | ||||
|  | ||||
| | device  | eth  | ip          | | ||||
| | ------- | ---- | ----------- | | ||||
| | PC1     | eth1 | 10.5.0.1/24 | | ||||
| | PC2     | eth1 | 10.5.1.2/24 | | ||||
| | router1 | eth1 | 10.5.0.0/24 | | ||||
| | router2 | eth1 | 10.5.1.1/24 | | ||||
|  | ||||
|  | ||||
|  | ||||
| ### 主要工具:`ip` | ||||
|  | ||||
| **`ip`** 是 IPRoute2 工具集中最常用的命令,能够管理和配置 IP 地址、路由、链路等多种网络参数。与旧版的 `ifconfig` 和 `route` 命令相比,`ip` 更加灵活和强大。 | ||||
|  | ||||
| ### **`ip` 命令的常见用法** | ||||
|  | ||||
| 1. **查看网络接口**: | ||||
|     | ||||
|    ```bash | ||||
|    ip link show | ||||
|    ``` | ||||
|    显示所有网络接口及其状态,类似于 `ifconfig`。 | ||||
|     | ||||
| 2. **启用或禁用网络接口**: | ||||
|    ```bash | ||||
|    sudo ip link set dev eth0 up    # 启用接口 | ||||
|    sudo ip link set dev eth0 down  # 禁用接口 | ||||
|    ``` | ||||
|  | ||||
| 3. **添加/删除 IP 地址**: | ||||
|    ```bash | ||||
|    sudo ip address add 192.168.1.10/24 dev eth0  # 为 eth0 接口添加 IP 地址 | ||||
|    sudo ip address del 192.168.1.10/24 dev eth0  # 从 eth0 接口删除 IP 地址 | ||||
|    ``` | ||||
|  | ||||
| 4. **显示路由表**: | ||||
|     | ||||
|    ```bash | ||||
|    ip route show | ||||
|    ``` | ||||
|    显示当前的路由表,类似于 `route` 命令。 | ||||
|     | ||||
| 5. **添加/删除路由**: | ||||
|    ```bash | ||||
|    sudo ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 via 192.168.1.1  # 添加路由条目 | ||||
|    sudo ip route del 192.168.1.0/24                 # 删除路由条目 | ||||
|    ``` | ||||
|  | ||||
| 6. **查看 ARP 表**: | ||||
|    ```bash | ||||
|    ip neighbor show | ||||
|    ``` | ||||
|    显示 ARP 表,类似于 `arp -a`。 | ||||
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